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Objective:To evaluate the ability of 68Ga-Pentixafor (nuclide ligand imaging agents for chemokine receptor 4) PET/CT to differentiate between aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and adrenal nonfunctional adenoma (NFA), and to assess how well this imaging method correlates with clinical features and postoperative outcomes. Methods:This was a cross-sectional study involving 73 APA and 12 NFA patients who received 68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT imaging at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from August 2018 to October 2021. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the differential value of visual analysis and the maximum standard uptake value (SUV max) of the focus on APA and NFA. The related factors of SUV max, and its predictive effect on postoperative outcomes were analyzed using Pearson or Spearman analysis and χ2 text. Results:68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT imaging was positive in 64 APA patients (sensitivity=87.7%) and negative in all 12 NFA patients (specificity=100%). The area under the ROC curve with SUV max differentiating APA and NFA was 0.932 ( P<0.001). When the SUV max cut-off point was 6.23, the sensitivity was 80.8% and the specificity was 100%. The SUV max correlated positively with lesion size ( r=0.598) and aldosterone/renin activity ratio ( r=0.313) and correlated negatively with potassium level ( r=-0.286), renin activity ( r=-0.240) and age of diagnosis ( r=-0.273) (all P<0.05). Of the patients who underwent adrenalectomy and received more than 6 months of post-surgical follow-up, the clinical complete remission rate was higher for 68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT imaging-positive patients than imaging-negative patients (24/39 vs. 0/4, P=0.031). Conclusions:68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT is effective at differentiating between APA and NFA. The SUV max of 68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT correlates with age at onset, lesion size, and the severity of clinical manifestations, and is able to predict postoperative outcomes.
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Objective To understand the transmission patterns and risk factors of HIV-1 strain CRF01_AE subtypes in China,and to provide guidance for the implementation of precise intervention.Methods A total of 2 094 CRF01_AE pol sequences were collected in 19 provinces in China between 1996 and 2014.Phylogenetic tree was constructed by PhyML 3.0 software to select the transmission clusters.Transmission network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.6.0,which was further used for exploring of the major risk factors.Results Of the 2 094 sequences,12.18％ (255/2 094) were in clusters.A total of 82 transmission clusters were identified.The numbers of clusters and contained sequences in intra-provincial transmission (61,173) were significantly more than those in inter-provincial transmission (21,82).The ratio of transmission clustering in MSM increased over time from 2.41％ (2/83) during 1996-2008 to 23.61％ (72/305) during 2013-2014,showing a significant upward trend (x2 =27.800,df=1,P =0.000).The proportion of MSM with inter-provincial transmission clusters were higher than those with intra-provincial transmission clusters,which increased from 0.67％ (2/297) during 1996-2008 to 6.36％(30/472) during 2013-2014,showing a significant upward trend (x2=20.276,df=1,P=0.000).The transmission rate in homosexuals of the inter-transmission clusters (86.59％,71/82) was higher than that of intra-provincial transmission clusters (56.65％,98/173),and the difference was statistically significant (x2=22.792,P=0.000).The proportion of inter-provincial transmission clusters with more than 2 transmission routes (33.33％,7/21) was higher than that of intra-provincial clusters (13.11％,8/61),and the difference was statistically significant (x2=4.273,P=0.039).Results from the transmission network analysis indicated that the proportion of high risk population (degree≥4) with inter-provincial transmission clusters (51.22％,42/82) was significantly higher than that with intra-provincial transmission clusters (26.59％,46/173),and the difference was statistically significant (x2=14.932,P=0.000).Inter-provincial clusters were mainly detected in and and MSM.Conclusions Complex transmission networks were found for HIV-1 CRF01_AE strains in the mainland of China.Inter-provincial transmission clusters increased rapidly,MSM played an important role in the wide spread of the strain.More researches in transmission networks are needed to guide the precision intervention.
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Objective To understand the transmission patterns and risk factors of HIV-1 strain CRF01_AE subtypes in China,and to provide guidance for the implementation of precise intervention.Methods A total of 2 094 CRF01_AE pol sequences were collected in 19 provinces in China between 1996 and 2014.Phylogenetic tree was constructed by PhyML 3.0 software to select the transmission clusters.Transmission network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.6.0,which was further used for exploring of the major risk factors.Results Of the 2 094 sequences,12.18％ (255/2 094) were in clusters.A total of 82 transmission clusters were identified.The numbers of clusters and contained sequences in intra-provincial transmission (61,173) were significantly more than those in inter-provincial transmission (21,82).The ratio of transmission clustering in MSM increased over time from 2.41％ (2/83) during 1996-2008 to 23.61％ (72/305) during 2013-2014,showing a significant upward trend (x2 =27.800,df=1,P =0.000).The proportion of MSM with inter-provincial transmission clusters were higher than those with intra-provincial transmission clusters,which increased from 0.67％ (2/297) during 1996-2008 to 6.36％(30/472) during 2013-2014,showing a significant upward trend (x2=20.276,df=1,P=0.000).The transmission rate in homosexuals of the inter-transmission clusters (86.59％,71/82) was higher than that of intra-provincial transmission clusters (56.65％,98/173),and the difference was statistically significant (x2=22.792,P=0.000).The proportion of inter-provincial transmission clusters with more than 2 transmission routes (33.33％,7/21) was higher than that of intra-provincial clusters (13.11％,8/61),and the difference was statistically significant (x2=4.273,P=0.039).Results from the transmission network analysis indicated that the proportion of high risk population (degree≥4) with inter-provincial transmission clusters (51.22％,42/82) was significantly higher than that with intra-provincial transmission clusters (26.59％,46/173),and the difference was statistically significant (x2=14.932,P=0.000).Inter-provincial clusters were mainly detected in and and MSM.Conclusions Complex transmission networks were found for HIV-1 CRF01_AE strains in the mainland of China.Inter-provincial transmission clusters increased rapidly,MSM played an important role in the wide spread of the strain.More researches in transmission networks are needed to guide the precision intervention.
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Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Metformin on inflammation,intestinal flora imbalance,and metabolic impairment in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) Methods A total of 74 elderly patients with T2DM admitted to our hospital from October 2014 to October 2016 were included in this study and assigned into an intervention group(n=37)and a control group(n=37)according to the sequence of admission.The intervention group was treated with 0.5 g Metformin once a day for 2 weeks,while the control group was given a placebo with the same frequency as in the intervention group.Fresh pre-and post-treatment stool samples were collected in sealed sterile anaerobic growth bags for the detection of changes in patient intestinal flora.Serum inflammatory factor levels,blood glucose levels,and blood lipid levels were measured.Results Before treatment,the numbers of beneficial intestinal flora(bacillus bifidus,bacillus acidi lactici,and bacteroides)in the intervention group were lower than in the control group(all P＜0.05);The levels of serum inflammatory factors(CRP,IL-6,and TNF-α)in the intervention group were higher than in the control group(all P ＜0.05);The levels of parameters for glucose and lipid metabolism(HbA1c,FPG,TC,TG,and LDL-C)in the intervention group were higher than in the control group,while the level of HDL-C was lower than in the control group (all P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the number of beneficial intestinal flora significantly increased in the intervention group(all P＜0.05)but was not different from that in the control group(all P＞0.05);The levels of serum inflammatory factors had significant reductions in the intervention group compared with pre-treatment levels(all P＜0.05)but demonstrated no difference from those in the control group(all P＞0.05);Parameters for glucose and lipid metabolism in the intervention group showed improvement(all P ＜0.05)after treatment but no difference was observed between these two groups(all P＞0.05).Conclusions Metformin can effectively control blood glucose and blood lipid levels in elderly patients with T2DM,improve the chronic inflammatory state,increase the number of beneficial intestinal bacteria,and regulate flora imbalance.
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Objective To investigate the correlation between the expression levels of miRNAs and the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 120 patients with type 2 diabetes recruited from October 2014 to October 2016 and 40 healthy individuals as a control group were included in this study,and diabetic patients were further divided into newly diagnosed group(n=40),prediabetes group(n =40),and susceptibility group (n =40).The fasting blood of four groups were collected,and real-time RT-PCR was applied to measure the expression levels of miRNAs including miR-9,miR-124a,miR-375,miR-29a,miR-126,miR-197,miR-233,and miR-320.The relationship between the pathogenesis of disease and miRNAs expression levels was analyzed.Results The levels of miRNA in the three diabetes groups were obviously higher than in the control group(P＜ 0.05).The miRNA expression level showed a certain trend in diabetic patients.The higher levels of miR-9,miR-124a,miR-375,and miR-29a were observed in the three diabetes groups,while the levels of miR-126,miR-197,miR-233,and miR-320 were decreased in these three groups.The expression levels of miR-9,miR 124a,miR-375,and miR-29a of miRNAs were correlated with the onset of diabetes(RR =5.96,6.32,5.24.5.69,all P＜ 0.05).Conclusions The level of miRNA is associated with the onset of diabetes that suggests it may be used to predict the occurrence and development of diabetes.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aimed the role of the CCL5/CCR5 axis in the perineural invasion of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunohistochemical analysis and flow cytometric analysis were conducted to detect the expression of the chemokine receptor CCR5 in SACC cells. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine the expression of CCL5 in the supernate of human nerve cells. The flow cytometric analysis was applied to observe the changes in F-actin in SACC-LM cells, which were pretreated with CCL5. To assess the effects of the CCL5/CCR5 axis on the migration and invasion of SACC-LM cells, we performed a scratch test and invasion assay under CCL5 stimulation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CCR5 was highly expressed in SACC cells. The concentration of CCL5 in the supernatant of human nerve cells was (359.2±15.8), (696.4±22.6) pg·mL⁻¹. The CCL5/CCR5 axis promoted the migration and invasion of SACC-LM cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The CCL5/CCR5 axis may be involved in the perineural invasion of SACC cells.</p>
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Objective To investigate the clinical effect of mosapride combined acupoint massage on diabetic gastroparesis(DGP)in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods 150 cases of DGP in our hospital from April 2015 to May 2016 were collected and randomly divided into three groups:the conventional treatment group(n=35,in insulin treatment),the control group(n=52,in mosapride treatment),and the experimental group(n=63,in mosapride combined with acupoint massage treatment).All patients received the conventional diabetic therapy.Clinical efficacy,gastric emptying rate and the levels of serum gastrin and fasting blood glucose were observed and compared before versus after treatment among the three groups.Results After treatment,the total effective rate was 92.1% in the experimental group,versus 51.4% and 73.1% in the conventional treatment group and control group respectively,showing a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).There were significant differences in gastric emptying rate,the levels of serum gastrin and fasting blood glucose among the 3 treatment groups before versus after treatment.And gastric emptying rate,the levels of serum gastrin and fasting blood glucose were improved in the experimental groups compared with the conventional treatment and control groups(all P<0.05).The follow-up results showed that the adverse reactions and the recurrence rates were significantly lower in the experimental group than in conventional treatment group and control group(all P<0.05).Conclusions Mosapride combined with acupoint massage in the treatment of diabetic gastroparesis have significant clinical effect,low recurrence rate and high safety,and is worthy of promotion.
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Objective To sequence and analyze the near full-length genome of an HIV-1 subtype G strain identified in Guangxi,China.Methods The demographic information of an individual infected with HIV-1 subtype G strain was investigated,whose peripherial blood was collected.Viral RNA in plasma was extracted.The near full-length genome of HIV was amplified in two halves using RT-nested-PCR.The PCR products were purified and sequenced.Phylogenetic analysis was made using MEGA6 software.Results A near full-length genome of 8847 bp was obtained.In the neighbor-joining tree,the strain clustered with subtype G references,as supported by the high Bootstrap value (100%).The closest phylogenetic relationship was found between our strain and another subtype G strain (JN106043)previously identified in Guangxi,which was supported by the genetic distance (5%)and high Bootstrap value (100%).Conclusion The strain identified in the study might have originated from subtype G strains in Guangxi,suggesting that subtype G has spread locally in Guangxi.Further surveillance of subtype G epidemic in Guangxi is necessary.The near full-length subtype G strain genome will provide information for the surveillance of HIV in Guangxi.
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Objective To explore the relationship between serum osteocalcin levels and glucolipid metabolism in elderly type 2 diabetic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods Data collected from 97 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)admitted to the Department of Geriatric Endocrinology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2014 to April 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into the T2DM group(type 2 diabetic patients without NAFLD,n＝ 47)and the NAFLD group(T2DM patients with NAFLD,N ＝ 50).Healthy elderly subjects (n ＝ 30)from the same period served as the control group.Body mass index(BMl),osteocalcin,fasting blood glucose,fasting insulin,homeostasis model assessment for insulin secretion index (HOMA-β) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),total cholesterol,triglyceride,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL C)were compared between the 3 groups.Results Levels of fasting blood glucose,fasting insulin,HbAlc,total cholesterol,triglyceride,LDL-C and HOMA IR were higher,while levels of HDL-C,HOMA-β and osteocalcin were lower in the T2DM and NAFLD groups than in the control group(all P＜＜0.05).Levels of BMI,fasting glucose,fasting insulin,HbAlc,total cholesterol,triglyceride,LDL-C and HOMA-IR were higher and levels of osteocalcin were lower in the T2DM group than in the NAFLD group(all P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the osteocalcin level was negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose,HbA1C,HOMA IR and BMI(r＝-0.701,0.442,-0.337 and 0.543,P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and positively correlated with HOMA-β (r ＝ 0.341,P ＜ 0.05) in the NAFLD group.With serum osteocalcin as the dependent variable,multiple linear regression results showed that fasting blood glucose was an independent influencing factor for serum osteocalcin(β＝-1.57,P＜0.05)in the fatty liver group.Conclusions Serum osteocalcin levels significantly decrease in elderly T2DM patients with NAFLD,are closely correlated with glucolipid metabolism,and may have some important clinical significance in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Aim To investigate the effect of bufalin on proliferation and expression of WT1 in K562 cells. Methods The colony number of K562 cell was detec-ted with semi-solid culture assay. The cell cycle was measured by flowcytometry, and the expression of WT1 was observed with immunocytochemistry. Subcutaneous tumor models established by K562 cells in BALB/C nu/nu mice were divided into three groups, including model group, bufalin group and positive control group. After 21 days, the subcutaneous tumors were removed for calculating the inhibitory rate of tumor growth. HE staining and immunohistochemistry were used to ob-serve the morphological changes and the expression of WT1 . Results ① Bufalin could significantly decrease the colony number of K562 cell, arrest it at G0/G1 phase and down-regulate its expression of WT1 in a dose-dependent manner. ② Compared with the model group, the tumor inhibitory rate was much higher, while the volume and the weight were obviously lower in the other two groups. ③Bufalin could induce apop-tosis, necrosis, hemorrhage and fibrosis with HE stai-ning, and down-regulate the expression of WT1. Con-clusion Bufalin could inhibit the proliferation, arrest the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase and down-regulate the expression of WT1 in vitro. Bufalin could inhibit the tumor inhibitory rate, the volume and the weight of the subcutaneous tumors, induce apoptosis, necrosis, hemorrhage and fibrosis with HE staining and down-regulate the expression of WT1 .
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Objective To explore the risk factors for patients with massive hemoptysis in tuberculosis and to provide a strategy for clinical treatment for tuberculosis massive hemoptysis (TMH). Methods Chi-square test and multivariate logistics analysis were applied to analyze the medical data of 241 cases of TMH. Results Chi-squared test showed that eleven factors were found to be significantly correlated with TMH. Longer disease course (≥3 months), lung lesions range ≥ 3 lung fields, pulmonary tuberculosis cavity, a higher smoking index (≥400 cigarettes per year) and clinical treatment were risk factors for TMH. Patients aged 45 years or older accompanied with bronchiectasia, pulmonary fungal infection, diabetes or hepatopathy had higher probabilities of developing massive hemoptysis. Multivariate analysis showed lung lesions range over 3 lung fields (OR = 2.447,P = 0.015), pulmonary tuberculosis cavity (OR = 2.486, P = 0.004), bronchial asthma (OR =3.192,P = 0.002), pulmonary fungal infection (OR = 3.896, P = 0.005) and hepatopathy (OR = 3.101, P =0.006) were final risk factors for TMH. Conclusion Multiple factors contributed to patients with massive hemoptysis in tuberculosis. Lung lesions range over 3 lung fields, pulmonary tuberculous cavities, bronchial asthma, lung fungal infection and hepatopathy might be the independent risk factors for TMH.
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Objective To study the correlation of serum cardiac troponin levels and cardiovascular events in elderly type 2 diabetes patients,and provide the basis for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods Totally 200 elderly type 2 diabetes patients were selected in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,and divided into cardiac troponin-positive and negative groups according to serum cardiac troponin levels.The incidence of cardiovascular events and mortality was compared between the two groups.Results The levels of fructosamine and hemoglobin in cardiac troponin-positive group were significantly lower than those of cardiac troponin-negative group (P＜0.05).The C-reactive protein levels were increased in cardiac troponin-positive versus negative group (P ＜0.05).The incidences of cardiovascular events and mortality in cardiac troponin-positive group showed higher than those of cardiac troponin-negative group[63.3％ (19/30)vs.4.1 ％ (7/170),26.7％ (8/30) vs.1.2％ (2/170),x2 =73.45,28.44,all P＜0.05].Conclusion Lower levels of serum fructosamine and hemoglobin,higher C-reactive protein level exist in diabetes patients with high cardiac troponin levels.The serum cardiac troponin level has a certain relationship with cardiovascular events in diabetes patients.
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Objective To summarize the diagnosis and treatment of urethral injury in children ,and to discuss the effective treat-ment method .Methods The retrospective analysis was performed on the data of 73 cases of children urethral injury in this hospital during recent 10 years .Results 66 cases were male ,7 cases were female ,aged 1-15 years old(average 7 years old) .In the male ca-ses ,there were 8 cases of anterior urethral injury ,10 cases of bulbous urethral injury ,44 cases of posterior urethral injuries and 4 cases of bladder neck injury ;in the female cases ,there were 6 cases of urethral injury and 1 case of bladder neck injury .The once cure rate of urethral realignment was 78 .6% ,which of stageⅠ urethral anastomosis was 80% and which of stage Ⅱurethral repair was 69 .6% .Conclusion Different operation modes have their advantages and disadvantages .The corresponding treatment scheme should be formulated according to the comprehensive assessment of the patient′s general condition and damage types .
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Objective To investigate the prevalence and features of thyroid nodules in middle and aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Methods High-resolution ultrasonography was used to detect thyroid nodules in 132 cases middle and aged patients with type 2 diabetes and 89 patients without diabetes.The nodule features and its relationships with related indicators in diabetic patients were analyzed. Results The prevalence of thyroid nodules in middle and aged patients with type 2 diabetes was higher than that without diabetes (67.4％ vs. 53.9％,P＜0.05),and most occurred in 50 to 59 age group (66.7％ vs. 42.9％) without dependence on changes in thyroid functions and volumes.In diabetes group,the prevalence of thyroid nodules were 59.5％ in male and 81.3％ in female (P＜0.05),no obvious difference was observed in the size and number of thyroid nodules between male and female,multiple nodules and micronodule (＜ 1.0 cm) had the higher incidences in both sexes.The prevalence of thyroid nodules was increased with aging,but not with diabetes duration and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) level (x2 =0.797,P=0.372; x2 =1.078,P =0.229). Conclusions It is common that thyroid nodules combined with diabetes in middle and aged patients,thyroid ultrasound screening and regular following-up of patients aged ≥50 years have important clinical significance.
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Neutralizing antibodies are considered to be an important protective parameter used in HIV-l vaccine evaluation.However,the exact role that neutralizing antibodies plays in controlling the disease progression of HIV-1 infected peoples is still undetermined.In this paper,we compared the protective function of the neutralizing antibody response in the plasma from LTNP and TP against clade B and clade C pseudoviruses.No difference in the neutralizing activities between the plasma from LTNP and TP was found,which was consistent with the most recent reports.In addition,no correlations between the titer or breadth and CD4+ or viral load in HIV-1 infected individuals were found.The protective roles played by neutralizing antibodies in controlling disease progression of HIV-1 infected people need to be considered in a new viewpoint.
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Objective To investigate the characteristics of the blood glucose fluctuation in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods The 92 elderly patients with T2DM (the elderly group) and 58 young and middle-aged patients with T2DM (the non-elderly group) were monitored using the continuous glucose monitoring system(CGMS). The characteristics of glucose profiles of the two different age groups, and of the different glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level groups in the elderly were comparatively analyzed. Results (1)There was no significant difference in HbA1c level between the elderly group and the non-elderly group. Compared with the non-elderly group, the elderly group showed the increases in blood glucose fluctuant coefficient [BGFC, (2.68±1.00) mmol/L vs. (2.12±0.74) mmol/L, t=-3.691, P＜0.001], in postprandial glucose excursion (PPGE) of breakfast and supper [(5.96±2.47) mmol/L vs. (5.11±2.44) mmol/L, t=-2.058, P＜0.05; (5.17±2.15) mmol/L vs. (4.16±2.28) mmol/L, t=-2.730, P＜0.01], in the time to postprandial glucose peak of breakfast and lunch [(112.5±29.7) min vs. (97.0±27.2) min, t=-3.225, P＜0.01; (140.0±39.7) min vs. (118.1±42.6) min, t=-3.195, P＜0.01], in the frequency of hypoglycemia (26.3% vs. 5.5%, P＜0.05), and showed the largest amplitude of glycemic excursions [LAGE, (9.66±2.48) mmol/L vs.(8.40±3.13) mmol/L, t=-2.720, P＜0.01]. (2)In the elderly, along with decreased HbA1c, the incidence of hypoglycaemia increased (P＜0.05); And along with increased HbA1c, the amplitude of blood glucose fluctuation increased. There were significant differences in BGFC, PPGE of breakfast and lunch, and LAGE among different HbA1c level groups (P＜0.01, P＜0.05, P＜0.05, P＜0.001). (3)HbA1c was positively correlated with FBG, mean blood glucose (MBG), percentage of time at glycemia (PT7.8, PT11.1), the lowest blood glucose (LBG), the highest blood glucose (HBG), BGFC, PPGE and LAGE (r=0.899-0.289, all P＜0.001). Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that MBG, FBG and PT7.8 was the independent influential factor of HbA1c (adjusted R2=0.807, P＜0.05). Conclusions The elderly patients with T2DM are at a particularly high risk for postprandial hyperglycemia and nocturnal hypoglycemic episodes, CGMS could show glucose fluctuation characters of T2DM patients diurnally, and provide a clinical basis for reasonable therapy.
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Objective To investigate the effect of Chlorogenic acid on oxidative and antioxidative system of kidney in diabetic rats.Methods 36 rats were randomly divided into three groups:normal group(N group),diabetes mellitus group(DM group)and diabetes group treated with chlorogenic acid(CA group).Ten weeks later,blood glu-cose,weight of body and kidney ,the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX)lipidperoxidation(MDA),urinary albumin excretory rate(UARE)in renal tissue were measured.Results The levels of blood glucose were not significantly different between DM group and CA group,but the weight of rats and kid-ney and the activity of SOD and GSH-PX in CA group were higher than DM group,and MDA and UAER of CA group were lower(P<0.05 for each).Conclusion Chlorogenic acid effective in improving the antioxidativity,inhibiting oxidative stress and decreasing urinary albumin.